POLITICAL FACTORS OF THE COLLAPSE OF THE AFGHANISTAN REPUBLIC IN 2021
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48371/ISMO.2023.51.1.006Keywords:
: Afghanistan, 20-year system, political factors, the collapse of the state, external powers, America, Pakistan, TalibanAbstract
The purpose of this research is to find the political factors behind the collapse of the 20-year-old republican system in Afghanistan.
In the framework of this research, it will be found that the Afghan republic system, which was in power in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2021, collapsed on the basis of a number of domestic and foreign political factors. Differences between politicians, seeing the conflict as a business, prejudice, low level of knowledge of the people, prioritizing personal interests instead of national interests by the rulers, indifference of the president and the alternative of the West. These include not making efforts, giving power to an incompetent constituency, not working to strengthen the government system, tyranny and incompetence of the central government. The external political factors of the collapse include the role of Pakistan and the United States. The United States had two faces in Afghanistan; On the one hand, he supported the ruling system politically, economically and militarily, but on the other hand, he did not allow the political system to strengthen and self-establish itself due to its illegal interference. On the other hand, he practically provided the conditions for the downfall of this political system, he negotiated with the Taliban under the protection of the Republic of Afghanistan and signed an agreement with them, as a result of which he withdrew his support for the republican system, the republic collapsed and The Taliban took over. Throughout its history, Pakistan has pursued a policy of interference and chaos in Afghanistan, and in this 20-year period, it had provided all the facilities to the Taliban in its territory, so that the political system in Afghanistan would be restored. It may not be stable or it may be thrown away. In this research, the answer to this question has been given, which political factors caused the collapse of the Republic of Afghanistan in 2021. Using the descriptive and analytical method, an attempt has been made to examine the hypothesis of how these factors caused the collapse.
