EFFECTIVENESS OF CLIMATE CHANGE PROTECTION PROGRAMS IN KAZAKHSTAN AND CHINA

Abstract

Climate change gives rise to many problems for states that require immediate solutions. The solution of climate problems is especially difficult for countries that have a limited amount of resources and tools in this area. According to "Our World in Data" China is the leader in carbon dioxide emissions, has a significant impact on both the situation with global environmental problems and the world's energy markets. However, a low-carbon development policy may change the situation and China's attempts to create an "ecological civilization" may be quite successful. The study helped to conclude that China has now directed its development towards "green development" and the transition to the so-called renewable energy sources while reducing the share of fossil fuels in the energy mix. This will allow China to significantly reduce environmental pollution and reduce the energy intensity of the economy, improve the standard of living of the population, fulfill the obligations stipulated by the Paris climate agreement, improve national energy security, and realize its own innovation potential. Therefore, the conclusions on a comparative analysis of the climate change protection programs of Kazakhstan and China were provided in this article for further use in identifying the shortcomings of the domestic program. Moreover, topical problems associated with climate change and their impact are considered, as well as an assessment of the effectiveness of the implemented programs of the two countries